ࡱ> #% !"#` gbjbj5G5G .\W-W-J%F>4rrrJGJGJG8G4GrfJfJ"JJJJJ J^r`r`r`r`r`r`r$th-wLrr\JJ\\rrrJJrbbb\ rJrJ^rb\^rbb:g,rrgJZJ `ymJG^2g g r0r Miaulis, George. Public Funding of the Arts in New Hampshire. Journal of Aesthetic Education, 12(1) 110-113 Putnam, Robert D. (1993) The Prosperous Community. The American Prospect, 4(13) Netzer, Dick. (1978). The Subsidized Muse: Public Support for the Arts in the United States. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.` Tepper, Steven Jay (2002). Building a Model for Culturally Responsible Investment. The Journal of Arts Management, Law and Society, 32(2)159-168  See Richard Caves (2000), Kieren Healy (2002), John Howkins (2001) and Steven Jay Tepper (2002) for support of performing arts as creative industries and Terry Flew (2002) in response.  For more discussion on the history of Italian Opera see www.grovemusic.com  For more on externalities see Heilbrun and Gray (2001) pp226-230  Robert D. Putnam (1993) argues that social capital increases civic engagement, which is a necessary condition for economic development.  See Edward L. Glaeser, David Laibson, Bruce Sacerdote (2001) for theory on individual verses aggregate causes and benefits of social capital. I will develop this issue more in later sections.  The non-distribution constraint denotes restrictions nonprofit organizations have on distributing revenue to owners. There are no owners in effect to pocket any extra earnings. See Hansmann, 1980 for more detail.  Chris Walker, Stephanie Scott-Melnyk, Kay Sherwood (2002). An earlier study by Goergy Miaoulis (1978) also comes to similar conclusions.  Heilburn and Gray, (2001)  Data Source: The Foundation Center (2006)  Cowen (2006) also suggests the NEA should act as a venture capitalist to fund projects that would otherwise not exist. For more of Cowens policy recommendations see pp 133-136.  See table 1. Data from NEA financial and grant summary reports from 2002-4.     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